initial

英 [ɪˈnɪʃl]

美 [ɪˈnɪʃl]

adj.  最初的; 开始的; 第一的
n.  (名字的)首字母; (全名的)首字母
v.  用姓名的首字母作标记(或签名)于

复数：initials　过去式：initialled　过去分词：initialled　现在分词：initialling　第三人称单数：initials　

高考 CET4 CET6 考研 TOEFL IELTS GRE TEM4 TEM8 BEC

Oxford 3000 / Collins.3 / BNC.1525 / COCA.1943

同义词辨析

original initial primitive【导航词义：原始的，最早的】

originaladj. 最初的，原始的

〔辨析〕

指最早存在或出现的，只作定语。

〔例证〕

The original settlers here are the Indians.
最早在这里定居的是印第安人。
This house has been returned to the original owner.
这幢房子已经归还了原主。
The original painting is now worth 800 dollars.
这幅画的原作现在值800美元。
The following are extracts from the original article.
以下是原文的节选。

initialadj. 开始的，最初的

〔辨析〕

指发生或出现于某过程的初始阶段的，只作定语。

〔例证〕

The initial talks formed the basis of the final agreement.
最初的会谈形成了最终协议的基础。
After overcoming her initial shyness, Maria became very friendly.
克服了起初的羞怯之后，玛丽亚变得十分友善。

primitiveadj. 原始的，远古的

〔辨析〕

指生命或人类发展的初期阶段的。

〔例证〕

Primitive people usually lived in caves.
原始人通常住在山洞里。
This book describes the march of the civilization of a primitive society.
该书描述了一个原始社会的开化过程。
The living conditions there were pretty primitive.
那里的生活条件甚为原始。

牛津词典

adj.

最初的；开始的；第一的
happening at the beginning; first
1. an initial payment of £60 and ten instalments of £25
  60英镑的首期付款加十次25英镑的分期付款
2. in the initial stages (= at the beginning) of the campaign
  运动的最初阶段
3. My initial reaction was to decline the offer.
  我最初的反应是要婉言谢绝这个提议。

noun

（名字的）首字母
the first letter of a person's first name
1. ‘What initial is it, Mrs Owen?’ ‘It's J, J for Jane.’
  “首字母是什么，欧文太太？”“是J，Jane的J。”
（全名的）首字母
the first letters of all of a person's names
1. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was often known by his initials JFK.
  人们常以姓名的首字母JFK称约翰∙菲茨杰拉德∙肯尼迪。
2. Just write your initials.
  写下你的姓名首字母即可。

verb

用姓名的首字母作标记（或签名）于
to mark or sign sth with your initials
1. Please initial each page and sign in the space provided.
  请在每一页上用姓名的首字母签署并在规定的空白处签字。

柯林斯词典

in AM, use 美国英语用 initialing, initialed

ADJ 开始的;最初的
You useinitialto describe something that happens at the beginning of a process.
1. The initial reaction has been excellent...
  初期的反应非常好。
2. The aim of this initial meeting is to clarify the issues.
  本次初步会议的目标是澄清这些问题。
N-COUNT (姓名的)首字母(例如 Michael Dennis Stocks 的首字母缩写为 M.D.S.)
Initialsare the capital letters which begin each word of a name. For example, if your full name is Michael Dennis Stocks, your initials will be M.D.S.
1. ...a silver Porsche car with her initials JB on the side.
  车身有她姓名缩写JB的银色保时捷跑车
VERB 用姓名的首字母签名于
If someoneinitialsan official document, they write their initials on it, for example to show that they have seen it or that they accept or agree with it.
1. Would you mind initialing this voucher?...
  请在凭单上用首字母签名。
2. The agreement was initialled in June.
  这份协议是6月份草签的。

英英释义

noun

the first letter of a word (especially a person's name)
1. he refused to put the initials FRS after his name

verb

mark with one's initials

adj

occurring at the beginning
1. took the initial step toward reconciliation

双语例句

Ginny's initial rage at his treatment of Chris had simmered down to resentment.
他对待克里斯的态度最初让金尼感到无比愤怒，后来慢慢转变成了怨恨。
After some initial problems, acetone was successfully produced in quantity
解决了最初的一些问题之后，终于成功地制造出了大量丙酮。
The agreement was initialled in June.
这份协议是6月份草签的。
The prime minister's initial ministerial appointments haven't pleased all his supporters.
首相最初的大臣任命没能让他所有的支持者都满意。
There is no initial list of contents.
没有章首目录。
The acquisition helped BCCI make its initial entrance into the US market.
那项并购帮助国际商业信贷银行首次跻身美国市场。
The initial estimate was way out.
最初的估计差得远去了。
Once you have arrived at an initial set of standards, it's time to plan the implementation.
一旦您到达了最初的标准集，就是时候计划实现了。
It was launched last year in paperback with an initial print run of 7,000 copies.
这本书的平装本在去年推出，首次印数为7,000册。
The experiments have given initial results eventually.
那些试验总算初见成效了。