backwardness

英 [ˈbækwədnəs]

美 [ˈbækwərdnəs]

n.  落后状况

医学

BNC.23144 / COCA.22947

牛津词典

noun

• 落后状况
  the state of having made less progress than normal

柯林斯词典

In American English,backwardis usually used as an adverb instead ofbackwards.Backwardis also sometimes used in this way in formal British English. Seebackwardsfor these uses.
美国英语通常将backward用作副词，而不用backwards。正式的英国英语中有时也有这种用法。此类用法参见backwards。

• ADJ 向后的，往后的（一些人亦使用backwards)
  Abackwardmovement or look is in the direction that your back is facing. Some people usebackwardsfor this meaning.
  1. He unlocked the door of apartment two and disappeared inside after a backward glance at Larry...
     他打开2号公寓的门，回头瞥了拉里一眼，然后就进了房间。
  2. He did a backward flip.
     他做了一个后空翻。
• ADJ 倒退的；不进反退的
  If someone takes abackwardstep, they do something that does not change or improve their situation, but causes them to go back a stage.
  1. At a certain age, it's not viable for men to take a backward step into unskilled work...
     到了一定的年龄，就不可能再退回去干不需要技能的工作。
  2. Many dentists will no longer treat National Health Service patients, which is a big backward step in this country.
     许多牙医不再为依靠国民保健制度的病人看病，这是该国的一大倒退。
• ADJ-GRADED 落后的
  Abackwardcountry or society does not have modern industries and machines.
  1. We need to accelerate the pace of change in our backward country.
     我们应当为落后的祖国加快变革的脚步。
• ADJ-GRADED 迟钝的；学习吃力的
  Abackwardchild has difficulty in learning.
  1. ...research into teaching techniques to help backward children...
     关于帮助落后孩子的教学方法研究
  2. I was slow to walk and talk and my parents thought I was backward.
     我学走路和说话都很慢，所以我父母以为我很迟钝。

英英释义

noun

• lack of normal development of intellectual capacities
  Synonym:retardationmental retardationslownesssubnormality

双语例句

• Humiliating situation for this reason, the western capitalist powers on the one hand, China's aggression, on the other hand, the backwardness of China's social system.
  造成这种屈辱局面的原因，一方面是西方资本主义列强对中国的侵略，另一方面是中国社会制度的落后。
• To develop its economy and shake off poverty and backwardness, China must open to the outside world.
  中国要谋求发展，摆脱贫穷和落后，就必须开放。
• One example is the tendency to regard the tudung as a symbol of repression and backwardness by non-muslims.
  例如，非回教徒倾向于把披头巾看成是被压迫和落后的象征。
• The basic cause of Russian backwardness lies in its peasants.
  俄国落后的根本原因就是农民因素。
• We must thoroughly overcome our backwardness.
  必须根本改变我们这里的落后面貌。
• We must recognize our backwardness, because only such recognition offers hope.
  要承认落后，承认落后就有希望了。
• The South wants to shake off its poverty and backwardness, and the North needs a developed South.
  南方要改变贫困和落后，北方也需要南方发展。
• Japanese Agriculture based on its poverty, backwardness and small-scale peasant economy has been rapidly developing in a short period of time.
  日本农业在贫穷落后的小农经济基础上短时间内，走出了一条快速的农业发展道路。
• Eastern exploitation of the advantages of backwardness, a recurring theme, suggests another reversal in the 21st century.
  东方对后发优势这是一个反复出现的主题的利用，意味着21世纪将再次出现逆转。
• One feature of the history of old Russia was the continual defeats she suffered because of her backwardness.
  旧俄罗斯历史的一个特点就是它的落后使它不断吃败仗。